News briefing：
It is reasonable to plant vegetables in spring when they are fully managed.
Vegetables are one of the essential foods in people's daily diet. Vegetables can provide a variety of vitamins and minerals necessary for the human body. In order to eat green vegetables, I planted a lot at home. I also learned a lot about planting vegetables in spring and shared it with everyone.
1. Strengthen the management and service of base dishes
In strict accordance with relevant standards and systems, strengthen the monitoring of the base environment, daily management and product quality inspection and testing, give full play to the role of plant protection personnel in the base, and further strengthen the production and management related supporting technical guidance and training of the base.
Second, do a good job in the middle and late management of the winter warm greenhouse
The production of winter-heated greenhouses has basically entered the middle and late stages. At present and in the future, the following management measures should be strengthened:
1. Increase light: The temperature rises during the day in spring, so we can take appropriate measures to open early and cover the grass curtains at night to extend the lighting time of vegetable crops and increase the light.
2. Supplementary nutrition: After a few months of growth in winter, crops consume a lot of nutrients, so nutrition should be supplemented in time, watering times should be gradually increased, and topdressing should be done in time according to the principle of formula fertilization, especially phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and various trace elements. Combined with foliar spraying, prepare the crops to enter the vigorous growth period in an all-round way.
3. Gradually windproof: After the temperature rises, pay attention to the reasonable release of the wind, especially when the bottom wind is released, pay attention to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the greenhouse to avoid "wind scorching".
4. Resist weather disasters: In spring, the temperature is unstable, and there are often strong winds and low temperatures. Pay attention to the weather forecast and make preparations in advance.
5. Prevent pests and diseases: With the increase of temperature and humidity, attention should be paid to the prevention and control of common crop pests, and high-efficiency and low-toxic pesticides should be selected for timely prevention and control to ensure normal crop growth.
Use metalaxyl, redomir and dimethomorph for downy mildew and blight, use pyrimethanil for gray mold, use Shigao for powdery mildew, and use for aphids, thrips and whitefly Imidacloprid and Actai are used to control, abamectin and cyromazine are used to control leaf miners, phoxim is used to control underground pests, and hymexazol is used to control soil-borne fungal diseases, which must be strictly restricted The quantity and duration of the medicine used to ensure the quality and safety of vegetable products.
The variety of vegetables is extremely rich. With the improvement of living standards, the proportion of “home-grown dishes” in consumption in the past has been declining, while the proportion of so-called “special dishes” has been increasing. As a result, the price difference between the types and quality of vegetables is increasing. , Need to pay attention to during production.
Pay attention to choosing new varieties of good quality. Consumers now pay more and more attention to the quality of vegetables. High-quality vegetable products are more easily accepted by consumers even if the price is slightly higher. Therefore, producers should pay attention to choosing new varieties that have good commodity properties, high nutritional value, and even have a certain health effect.
1. Pay attention to soil disinfection
Before planting spring vegetable seeds and transplanting spring vegetable seedlings, the soil must be disinfected in time to eliminate various pathogens lurking in the soil and reduce the occurrence and damage of soil-borne diseases. It can be used 600 times 50% sodium disulfonate wettable powder aqueous solution, or 800 times 100 billion Bacillus subtilis wettable powder aqueous solution, or 600 times 50% carbendazim wettable powder aqueous solution, or 500 times 15% hymexazol aqueous solution Irrigate the soil or planting holes. It is also possible to spray 25-30 kg of 10% calcium cyanamide granules per acre, and then plow the land to make the calcium cyanamide granules fully and evenly contact the soil, which has a good sterilization effect and can also destroy the soil. The root-knot nematodes in the plant significantly reduce the occurrence and damage of soil-borne diseases and root-knot nematodes.
2. Pay attention to the disinfection of seeds and seedlings
The sown spring vegetable seeds should be immersed in a 0.1% potassium permanganate aqueous solution for 8-10 minutes for disinfection to eliminate various pathogens adsorbed on the surface of the seeds. The transplanted spring vegetable seedlings should also be planted with 1500 times 25% fludioxonil aqueous solution or 800 times 50% carbendazim wettable powder aqueous solution for rooting. In this way, the seed germination rate is high, the seedlings emerge quickly, the roots are more, the root system is developed, the survival rate is high, the seedling stage is rarely damaged by soil-borne diseases, there is no phenomenon of rotten roots and seedlings, and the growth is good.
Three, apply foot base fertilizer
To grow vegetables in spring, it is necessary to apply sufficient base fertilizer, mainly bio-organic fertilizer and complete NPK fertilizer, 80-100 kg of bio-organic fertilizer per mu, NPK (15-15-15) potassium sulfate or nitrosulfur based Or 40-50 kilograms of pure sulfur-based compound fertilizer, which can be evenly spread on the ground before plowing, so that the fertilizer and the soil are fully mixed evenly, or it can be applied to the planting hole or planting ditch, and then sowing after covering the soil. Or transplant seedlings. In this way, after the seeds have germinated and rooted or the seedlings have been transplanted into live roots, there will be sufficient nutrient supply, so that the seedlings can grow fast, grow robustly, and have green stems and green leaves.
Four, pay attention to the prevention and control of pests
In spring, the climate is changeable, the temperature rises in waves, the rain is heavy, the humidity is high, and the occurrence of diseases and insects is serious. It is necessary to pay attention to prevention and control to protect the roots, stems and leaves. The main pests and diseases that damage spring vegetables are as follows: 1. Gray mold. Spring vegetables such as peppers, tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, and chives are all susceptible to gray mold, causing burnt and rotten fruits, leading to flower and fruit drop. Must be sprayed in time to 1000 times 50% iprodione wettable powder aqueous solution, or 1000 times 50% procymidone wettable powder aqueous solution, or 1000 times 50% boscalid water dispersible granules aqueous solution, or 800 times 50% Vinyl sclerotium wettable powder aqueous solution, etc. for prevention and treatment.
2. Downy mildew. Spring vegetables such as cucumbers, Chinese cabbage, peppers, pumpkins, bitter gourds, and chives are seriously damaged by downy mildew in spring, causing rotten leaves, yellow leaves, and fallen leaves. Must be sprayed on the leaf surface with 600 times 58% wettable powder solution of mancozeb, or 600 times 69% wettable powder solution of mancozeb enoyl, or 600 times of 72% wettable powder solution of cymoxanil, or 600 times 50 % Ethyl phosphorous aluminum manganese zinc wettable powder aqueous solution, or 800 times 70% mancozeb wettable powder aqueous solution for prevention and treatment.
3. Powdery mildew. Spring vegetables such as bitter gourd, pepper, bitter squash, spinach, lettuce, cucumber, and pumpkin are seriously affected by powdery mildew, causing yellow leaves, rotten leaves and fallen leaves. It is necessary to spray 1500 times the 37% difenoconazole water dispersible granule solution in time, or 800 times the 100 billion Bacillus subtilis aqueous solution, or 5000 times the 43% tebuconazole suspension aqueous solution, or 8000 times the 40% fluorosilicone Azole EC aqueous solution, or 800 times 50% carbendazim wettable powder aqueous solution, etc. for prevention and treatment. 4. Sclerotinia disease. Lettuce, lettuce, Chinese cabbage, bitter gourd, cucumber, chives, beans and other spring vegetables are also susceptible to sclerotinia disease. It is necessary to spray 1500 times 80% pyrimethanil water dispersible granules in time, or 1500 times 50% boscalid An aqueous solution of tromethamine water-dispersible granules, or an aqueous solution of 1000 times 50% vinyl sclerotium water-dispersible granules, etc. for prevention and control.
5. Soft rot. Chinese cabbage, bitter vegetables, radishes, carrots, chives, celery and other spring vegetables are susceptible to soft rot and rot, and must be sprayed with 800 times 1.8% caprolactone wettable powder aqueous solution, or 600 times 20 % Thiazolium suspending agent aqueous solution, or 1500 times 46.1% copper hydroxide wettable powder aqueous solution, or 800 times 50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid wettable powder aqueous solution for control.
6. Aphids. Aphids are the most important pests that damage spring vegetables. They adsorb on the leaves and suck sap, causing the growth of spring vegetables to decline and spreading viral diseases. Must spray 1500 times 0.5% veratrine wettable powder aqueous solution, or 1000 times 10% imidacloprid wettable powder aqueous solution, or 1500 times 20% thiamethoxam water dispersible granule aqueous solution, or 1500 times 25% pymetrozine suspension Water solution for prevention and control.
