Foot-and-mouth disease is a very common infectious disease in cattle and sheep breeding. It has great harm. At the same time, foot-and-mouth disease has a rapid onset, rapid spread and wide range. It not only has a great impact on the healthy growth of cattle and sheep, but also affects the breeding. The huge economic losses caused by households affect the development of our country’s animal husbandry. Therefore, it is very necessary for us to be familiar with the control measures of cattle and sheep foot-and-mouth disease, and promptly treat the epidemic once it is discovered. Let's take a look at how to treat cattle and sheep who have foot-and-mouth disease? What kind of medicine is good?
Symptoms of Foot-and-Mouth Disease in Cattle and Sheep
The clinical manifestations of foot-and-mouth disease often change due to the virulence of the virus and the susceptibility of the animal. It is usually manifested as blisters on the oral mucosa and hoof of the diseased livestock. The clinical symptoms of sheep are relatively shallow, often producing small blisters or rot. In severe cases, plaques and ulcers may also appear, causing bloody inflammation of the mucosa of the front stomach and large and small intestines, which directly leads to myocarditis. Newborn young animals often eventually die due to myocarditis. In this case, if the sanitation and cleaning of the farm is not in place, it may also lead to secondary infection, which may cause sepsis or local necrosis of the sick cattle and sheep. However, the clinical symptoms of cattle after infection with foot-and-mouth disease are relatively serious. Usually, the incubation period of foot-and-mouth disease in cattle is 7-30 days. In the early stage of the disease, it shows obvious symptoms such as increased body temperature and conjunctival flushing. As the infection time goes on, it may also cause oral cavity. Lesions, producing blisters. Generally speaking, about 90% of cattle infected with foot-and-mouth disease have experienced typical hoof dermatitis.
Diagnosis of Foot and Mouth Disease in Cattle and Sheep
One aspect is routine diagnosis. Most livestock with foot-and-mouth disease are cloven-toed, in which case the diagnosis can be directly diagnosed without laboratory diagnosis. However, because there are many types of foot-and-mouth disease virus, it is necessary to clearly determine which type of virus it belongs to. The blisters on the hoof of cattle and sheep should be placed in 50% glycerin saline, and the experimental samples should be sent to relevant departments as soon as possible. To be identified, so as to accurately determine the type of virus.
Another aspect is differential diagnosis. In the past when foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed and treated, there was a misdiagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease and stomatitis. Compared with foot-and-mouth disease, cattle and sheep stomatitis usually has a transient state of mild fever, and it also produces small papules in the early stages of the disease. Small papules are generally located in the nose and nostril mucosa of cattle and sheep. The color is usually dark red-red-gray-brown, and then covered with necrotic tissue, and some lesions appear as obvious scars. For general pathology, there will be no obvious organ damage in cattle and sheep, and it usually manifests as stomatitis scars.
How to treat cattle and sheep who have foot-and-mouth disease?
Sick animals and suspected animals should be treated in isolation. It is also taken care of by a dedicated person, feeding and management at a designated place. Preventive injections should be given to cattle and sheep that have not developed the disease.
1. Wash the affected area
First, for oral lesions, you can choose clean water, saline and 0.1% potassium permanganate diluent for cleaning, and then choose 1% alum solution for smearing, and you can also apply ice boron powder on the oral lesions; second, for For hoof lesions, you can choose 3% cresol soap solution or 3% copper sulfate to soak the hoofs of sick cattle and sheep, or choose disinfection ointment or 10% iodine to apply the hoof area, and then use bandage . Avoid repeated cleaning of the hoof as much as possible, because moisture will have a great impact on the healing of the diseased area; third, pay attention to milking for breast lesions, choose 2% boric acid water to clean the nipple, and then apply disinfectant ointment .
2. Injection therapy
For cattle and sheep with relatively serious conditions, disinfection azole should be used. According to the actual body weight of the cattle and sheep, 10mL/kg is used for subcutaneous intramuscular injection, or Anyi Yaowang is used according to the actual body weight of the cattle and sheep, and the subcutaneous injection is performed at 0.1mg/kg. , 1 to 2 injections a day for 3 consecutive days can have a better control effect. In the case of relatively serious secondary infections, intravenous injection should be selected. You can use 500mL of 10% glucose solution, add 10mL of Anaca solution, and appropriately add some antibiotics to effectively inhibit other bacterial infections; for severe acidosis, 500mL of 5% sodium bicarbonate solution can be used for intravenous injection.
3. Follow-up processing
In the process of diagnosis and treatment of foot-and-mouth disease, the dead cattle and sheep must be harmlessly treated by incineration or deep burial at the first time, and the contaminated breeding pens must be thoroughly disinfected. Then report to the local veterinary authority in time, and wait for the epidemic to be controlled and complete disinfection in the area for 15 days before normal breeding can be carried out again.
What kind of medicine is used to treat cattle and sheep foot-and-mouth disease?
Oral lesions can be cleaned with water, saline or 0.1% potassium permanganate solution, and then coated with 1% to 2% alum solution or iodine glycerin. You can also spread traditional Chinese medicine ice boron on the oral lesions.
Hoof lesions can be cleaned with 3% Lysurer first, then applied with gentian violet solution, penicillin ointment, etc., and bandaged.
Places and utensils contaminated by sick animals should be disinfected with 2% sodium hydroxide solution or 10% lime water. The corpses are not edible, and their fur should be soaked and disinfected with 2% sodium hydroxide solution. The feces of sick animals must be fermented before being used. The grazing site of sick animals can only allow healthy animals to enter after 2 months. After the last sick animal is cured or died, and no new cases appear after 14 days, the blockade can be lifted after thorough disinfection.